Animation & Cartoons

An animated cartoon is a short, hand-drawn (or made with computers to look similar to something hand-drawn) moving picture for the cinema, TV or computer screen, featuring some kind of story or plot.

Animation is the optical illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of images of static elements. In film and video production, this refers to techniques by which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually. Computer animation is the art of creating moving images via the use of computers. It is a subfield of computer graphics and animation. Anime is a medium of animation originating in Japan, with distinctive character and background aesthetics that visually set it apart from other forms of animation. An animated cartoon is a short, hand-drawn (or made with computers to look similar to something hand-drawn) moving picture for the cinema, TV or computer screen, featuring some kind of story or plot (even if it is a very short one). Manga is the Japanese word for comics and print cartoons. Outside of Japan, it usually refers specifically to Japanese comics. Special effects (abbreviated SPFX or SFX) are used in the film, television, and entertainment industry to visualize scenes that cannot be achieved by normal means, such as space travel. Stop motion is a generic gereral term for an animation technique which makes static objects appear to move.

CONTENTS:

Animation & Cartoons
Animation
– Animation techniques
– History
– Animation studios
– Styles and techniques of animation
– Further reading
Adult animation
Cartoon pornography
– Styles of cartoon pornography
Animation camera
Rostrum camera
Animation stand
Avar
Background artist
Cartoon physics
– Why is it funny?
– Examples
– Anvilology
– Cartoon collision physics
– Laws of Cartoon Thermodynamics
– Anime physics
– Notes
Crowd simulation
Drawn on film animation
Live-action/animated films
– Techniques
Performance capture
Pinscreen animation
Previsualization
Storyboard
– History
– – Origins
– – Animatics
– – Benefits of the process
Leica reel
Syncro-Vox
– Footnotes
Traditional animation
– The traditional animation process
– – Storyboards
– – Voice recording
– – Animatics
– – Design and timing
– – Layout
– – Animation
– – Backgrounds
– – Traditional ink-and-paint and camera
– – Digital ink and paint
– – Computers and video cameras
– Techniques
– – The cel & limited animation
– – Animation loops
– – Multiplane camera
– – Hand inking
– – Xerography
– – The APT process
– – Cel overlay
– – Computers and traditional animation
– – Rotoscoping
– – Live-action hybrids
– – Special effects animation
Animated cartoon
– History
– Technologies
– Feature films
– Notable artists and producers
– Television
– Commercial animation
– Genres of animated cartoons
– – Funny animals
– – Zany humor
– – Sophistication
– – Limited animation
– – Modernism
– – Japanese art styles
– – Animated Music videos
– References
Funny animal
Independent animation
Cel
Character animation
Limited animation
Rotoscope
– History
– Technique
History of animation
– Europe
– – History of French animation
– – History of Italian animation
– – History of Russian animation
– – History of animation in the former Yugoslavia
– North and South America
– – History of Argentinian animation
– – History of Canadian animation
– – History of Cuban animation
– – History of United States Animation
– Asia
– – History of Chinese Animation
– – History of Japanese animation
Flip book
– Functionality
– History and cultural uses
Progressive animation
– A few non-Japanese examples of progressive animation
Animated character
– Names of characters
– Some ways of reading characters
– – Character as symbol
– – Character as representative
– – Characters as historical or biographical references
– – Character as words
– – Character as patient: psychoanalytic readings
– – Round characters vs. flat characters
– Unusual uses
– Iconic fictional characters
– – Character / Description / Significance / Characters influenced
Animator
Anime
– Terminology
– – Syntax and morphology
– – Synonyms
– Characteristics
– – Genres
– – Music
– Animation process
– – Techniques
– – Style
– – Companies
– Production types of anime
– Western distribution
– – Commercial appeal
– – Licensing
– – Fansubs
– References
History of anime
– The First Generation of Japanese Animators
– The Second Generation of Japanese Animators
– During the War
– Toei Animation and Mushi Productions
– The 70s
– The 80s
– The 90s to the present
– References
– Anime genres
– – Harem anime H dojinshi Josei Magical girl Mecha anime Seinen Shojo Shonen
– Harem anime
– Design and criticism
– Male characters
– Female characters
– Examples often cited by fans
– Gender variants
Josei
– Examples
Mecha anime
– East and West
– The mecha genre of anime
– – History
– Games
– Scale Models
– Grammar
– Word origins and usage
– Mecha as practical war machines
– – Mecha as a replacement for tanks
– – Mecha as aerospace combat vehicles
– – Other proposed uses for mecha
– Notes
Super Robot
– Basic characteristics
– Merchandise
Seinen
Shojo
– Meaning and spelling
– History
– Western adoption
– Shojo Magazines in Japan
– – Notes
Shonen
Anime composer
Anime convention
– Anatomy of a typical anime convention
– – Getting Started
– – Program
– – Specific Rooms
– – Ending the event
Dojin
– Perception
– Dojin Categories
Dojin soft
– Dojin soft companies
Dojinshi
– Perception
– Categories of dojinshi
– Famous dojinshi authors
H dojinshi
– Derivative works of H dojinshi
– – Anime
Hentai
– Background
– Meaning of the word
– Hentai classification
– Hentai media
Yaoi
– Overview
– – Etymology
– – Pronunciation
– – Usage
– – Doujinshi
– – BL vs. yaoi for professionally published material
– – American Yaoi
– – Seme and Uke
Yuri
– Definition and semantic drift
– – Etymology
– Yuri as story
– Famous yuri pairings
Original Video Animation
– The OVA format
– History
– References
Otaku
– In Japan
– In English/Internationally
– Fictional works about otaku
Anime and manga terminology
Alternative manga
– References
Amerimanga
– AmeriManga magazine
– Notable Examples of Amerimanga
Amerime
– History
– Examples of Amerime
Bishojo
– Bishojo in manga and anime
– Moé style
– Bishojo contests
Bishonen
– Origin
– Usage
– Examples
Catgirl
– List of catgirl characters
Face fault
– List of common face faults
– Effects accompanying a face fault
Gekiga
– A few Examples of Mangaka who Draw in Gekiga Style
– References
Hammerspace
– Origins
– Hammerspace in games
– Analogies
– Properties
– Notes
Kemonomimi
– List of kemonomimi characters by animal
Progressive anime
– Examples
Super deformed
– Examples
– Appearances in other media
Anime industry
– Licensors
– – Region 1 (North America)
– – Region 2 (Europe)
– – Region 3 (Asia)
– – Region 4 (Australia)
– Bootlegs, fansubs, and legal issues
– Current state of the industry
Manga
– Origins
– Tezuka Osamu
– Gekiga
– A wealth of topics
– Cultural importance
– The manga style
– – Characteristics
– – Manga symbols
– Manga format
– – Dojinshi
– Types of manga
– – By target audience
– – Genres
– International influence
– Manga outside Japan
– Language notes
– References
Notable anime
– Contemporary classics
– Comedy anime
– Drama anime
– Fantasy anime
– Groundbreaking anime
– Harem anime
– Horror anime
– Kodomo (children’s) anime
– Giant Robot (Mecha) anime
– Mystery anime
– Romance anime
– Samurai-era anime
– Science Fiction anime
– Shojo anime
– Shonen anime
– Space opera anime
– Sports anime
– Studio Ghibli anime
Computer animation
– A simple example
– Explanation
– Creating characters and objects on a computer
– Equipment
– Technical details
– The future
– Detailed examples and pseudocode
– Movies
Animation software
– Two Dimensional (2D) animation
– Three dimensional (3D) animation
Computer facial animation
– History
– Techniques
– – 2D
– – 3D
– Face Animation Languages
Computer-generated imagery
– History
– Creating characters and objects on a computer
– Digital Grading
– Free CGI Tools Available Online for Download
Flash cartoon
Head swap
Light synthesizer
Morph target animation
Onion skinning
PowerPoint animation
– Custom Animation
– – Animation Trigger
– Games
– Movies
– Drawback
Squigglevision
– Animated series produced in Squigglevision
Skeletal animation
– Strengths and weaknesses
– Applications
Full motion video
Animated series
Special effects
– Developmental history
– Special effects animation
– Visual special effects techniques in rough order of invention
– CGI versus SFX
– Landmark movies
– Special effect software
– References
Sound effect
– History
– In film
– In video games
– Recording effects
– Processing effects
– Aesthetics in film
– Techniques
Tokusatsu
– Tokushu Satsuei (or Tokushu Gijutsu)
– The Legacy of Eiji Tsuburaya
– Suitmation technology
– – The suit material
– – Other special effects
– – CGI in Tokusatsu
– – City sets
– Famous Tokusatsu Monsters and Superheroes
– Beyond The Norm
– Japanese Fan Films
– Tokusatsu Around the World
– – Famous Examples
– – Fan films
– Confusion of the term outside Japan
– Perception of Tokusatsu in America
– – Realism
– – Violence
– – Lack of Cultural Identification
– – A Growing/Divided Fandom
– References
Visual effect
– Timing
– Categories
– Further reading
Stop motion
– Overview
– History
– Current work
– Compare with
– References
Clay animation
– Technical explanation
– – Intensity
– Other relatively recent films or television shows produced with clay animation
– References
Strata-cut animation
Cutout animation
– Animated shows using cutout animation
Go motion
– Technical Explanation
– Methods for creating motion blur
– – Vaseline
– – Shaking the table
– – Go motion
– Go motion today
Pixilation
Silhouette animation
Brickmation
Superhero
– Common traits
– – Common costume features
– – Superheroes outside the United States
– Character subtypes
– Divergent character examples
– Trademark status
– Growth in diversity
– – Female characters
– – Non-Caucasian characters
– – Non-heterosexual characters
– – Diversified teams
– Treatment in other media
– – Film
– – Animation
– – Live-action television series
– Real-life superheroes
Magical girl
– General types of „magical girls”
– Common themes and features
– Famous examples
– Outside of Japan
– Maho Shojo in Japan
Superheroes in animation
– History
– – Animal superheroes
Supervillains
– Common Traits
– Personality Types
– Supervillains as Foils
– Origins
– Well-known supervillains
– Well-known parodies of supervillains
– Other uses
License
GNU Free Documentation License
– GNU Free Documentation License
– Index
About the author
– Nicolae Sfetcu
– – Contact
Publishing House
– MultiMedia Publishing